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In Odisha’s Similipal Biosphere Reserve (SBR), Researchers from Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University in Baripada have identified a new species of wild ginger, marking a milestone in botanical studies. This finding opens doors for further scientific exploration and conservation efforts.
The Discovery of Zingiber Jagannathii
The breakthrough was achieved by Dr. Sudam Charan Sahu, Assistant Professor of Botany, and Sifan Priyadarshini, a Ph.D. research scholar, both from Maharaja Sriram Chandra Bhanja Deo University. For the past three years, the duo has been diligently studying the Zingiberaceae family, commonly known as the ginger family in Odisha. Their efforts bore fruit in August 2024 when they stumbled upon a unique wild ginger species in the semi-evergreen forests of Kulipala within the Similipal Biosphere Reserve, located in the Mayurbhanj district.
After meticulous observation of its distinct morphological features, the researchers confirmed it as a previously undocumented species. Named Zingiber jagannathii Sahu & Priyadarshini in honour of Lord Jagannath, this wild ginger was found growing at an elevation of 758 metres, confined to a small area of less than one square kilometre. The discovery has been documented in the prestigious international journal Phytotaxa.
What is the Ecological Significance of New Wild Ginger
The identification of Zingiber jagannathii shows the incredible biodiversity of the Similipal Biosphere Reserve. Dr. Sahu has highlighted that the species’ limited distribution makes it a subject of interest for further research. The team is now focused on understanding its ecological role, distribution patterns, and potential medicinal properties. “This could pave the way for developing new drugs and therapeutics,” Dr. Sahu hinted at the practical implications of their work.
This discovery serves as a reminder of the untapped potential within Odisha’s forests. The researchers hope their findings will inspire studies into other lesser-known species, possibly leading to innovations in healthcare and conservation strategies. It also brings attention to the need to protect fragile ecosystems like Similipal.
Odisha’s Natural Treasure in Similipal Biosphere Reserve
Nestled in the Mayurbhanj district, the Similipal Biosphere Reserve is a biodiversity hotspot that spans 2,750 square kilometres. Named after the abundant ‘Simili’ (silk cotton) trees, this reserve is known for its tropical semi-evergreen forests, moist deciduous forests, and sprawling meadows. It is home to 1,076 flowering plant species, 96 types of orchids, and a wide range of wildlife, including Bengal tigers, Asian elephants, and over 300 bird species. Designated a tiger reserve in 1973 under Project Tiger and a biosphere reserve by the Government of India in 1994, Similipal joined UNESCO’s World Network of Biosphere Reserves in 2009.
The reserve’s ecological value is further enhanced by its role in the Mayurbhanj Elephant Reserve, which includes the Similipal Tiger Reserve, Hadgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, and Kuldiha Wildlife Sanctuary. Two indigenous tribes, the Erenga Kharias and Mankirdias, also inhabit its forests, relying on traditional practices that coexist with nature.
The discovery of Zingiber jagannathii could bolster the case for national park status by highlighting the reserve’s unique biodiversity. A fully recognised national park would attract more resources for research, infrastructure, and protection, ensuring that rare species like this wild ginger are safeguarded for future generations.
